GHSA-fj7v-r99m-22gq

Описание

Summary

Pillow's TGA RLE encoder reads past its row buffer when saving a mode "1" image. Adjacent process heap bytes can be copied into the generated TGA file.

The bug is reachable through the public save API:

Older affected Pillow versions use the equivalent public option rle=True.

For mode "1", Pillow allocates a packed row buffer of ceil(width / 8) bytes, but ImagingTgaRleEncode() treats the row as one full byte per pixel.

The maximum valid TGA width is 65535. At that width:

On non-ASAN Pillow 12.2.0, the public-only maximum-width PoC below serialized 57297 bytes from distinct out-of-bounds source offsets into one returned TGA, covering 99.92% of the maximum adjacent heap window. No heap grooming, ctypes, private API, or malformed input file was used. The disclosure is emitted across many TGA packet payload copies of at most 128 bytes each, not one large memcpy().

Details

src/PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py allows mode "1" TGA output and selects the tga_rle encoder when RLE compression is requested.

src/encode.c:_setimage() allocates the row buffer using the packed-bit formula:

For mode "1", state->bits == 1.

src/libImaging/TgaRleEncode.c then computes:

This becomes 1, and the encoder uses pixel indexes as byte offsets:

The packet payload memcpy() later copies those out-of-bounds source bytes into the output. Raw packets copy up to 128 contiguous bytes, while RLE packets copy one representative byte:

A width-2 mode "1" image allocates one row byte and already triggers an ASAN heap-buffer-overflow read. Wider images increase the adjacent heap window and the amount of heap data that can be serialized.

PoC

Minimal ASAN trigger

Observed on local Pillow 12.3.0.dev0 ASAN target:

Maximum-width heap disclosure

This PoC uses one maximum-width row. It parses the generated TGA packets and extracts only payload bytes whose source offsets were outside the allocated packed row. Rows are avoided because they mostly repeat the same adjacent heap window.

Run the following with a standard affected Pillow installation.

Observed on installed Pillow 12.2.0:

Impact

This is a heap out-of-bounds read and potential information disclosure.

A maximum-width single-row image can cause nearly the full 57343-byte adjacent heap window to be incorporated into one output file.