GHSA-vxgj-xg5c-p4h7

Опубликовано: 18 июн. 2026

Источник: github

Github: Прошло ревью

CVSS3: 8.5

Описание

praisonaiagents: SSRF guard validates literal IPs only and never resolves DNS

Researcher: Kai Aizen — SnailSploit (@SnailSploit), Adversarial & Offensive Security Research Target: https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI Weakness: CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

Summary

The SSRF guard shared by PraisonAI's web tools (SpiderTools._validate_url → _host_is_blocked in praisonaiagents/tools/spider_tools.py) inspects only literal IP-address encodings of the URL host. It never resolves DNS names. Any hostname whose A/AAAA record points at an internal, loopback, link-local, or cloud-metadata address passes validation and the request is issued to that target. A static internal A record is sufficient — no DNS-rebinding race is required.

The guard's own docstring claims it returns True "when hostname resolves to loopback/private/internal targets," but no resolution is performed. The fix for CVE-2026-47390 added more encodings of literal IPs (decimal integer, 0x hex, inet_aton); it did not address the class "host is a name that resolves to a forbidden address."

The same guard is reached through two tool surfaces:

scrape_page / crawl / extract_links / extract_text (spider tools)
the @url mention fetch in praisonaiagents/tools/mentions.py (which calls the identical SpiderTools._validate_url then urllib.request.urlopen)

The correct pattern already exists in the same package: file_tools.py resolves the host with socket.getaddrinfo and checks each resolved address before fetching. spider_tools / mentions do not.

Affected packages

pip/praisonaiagents <= 1.6.39
pip/PraisonAI <= 4.6.39

Root cause

praisonaiagents/tools/spider_tools.py, _host_is_blocked (def at line 26):

def _host_is_blocked(hostname: str) -> bool: """Return True when hostname resolves to loopback/private/internal targets.""" ... if host.isdigit(): # decimal-int IPv4 literal return _ip_blocked(ipaddress.ip_address(int(host))) if host.startswith("0x"): # hex IPv4 literal return _ip_blocked(ipaddress.ip_address(int(host, 16))) try: return _ip_blocked(ipaddress.ip_address(host)) # dotted v4 / v6 literal except ValueError: pass try: return _ip_blocked(ipaddress.ip_address(socket.inet_aton(host))) # octal/short v4 except OSError: pass return False # <-- any DNS name lands here

Every branch operates on the literal string. For a DNS name (attacker.example): it is not in the literal block sets, not a .local/.internal suffix, int(host) is not applicable, ipaddress.ip_address(name) raises ValueError (swallowed), inet_aton(name) raises OSError (swallowed), and the function returns False — "not blocked." socket.getaddrinfo / gethostbyname are never called anywhere in this path.

_validate_url (def line 74) ends with:

if _host_is_blocked(parsed.hostname): return False return True

so a name verdict of "not blocked" yields _validate_url(...) == True, and the caller (scrape_page, or mentions._fetch_url at lines 273–284) proceeds to fetch the original URL via requests / urllib.request.urlopen.

The literal-IP coverage is otherwise good — Python's ipaddress.is_reserved / is_private happen to flag NAT64 (64:ff9b::/96), 6to4 (2002::/16), IPv4-mapped (::ffff:), and IPv4-compatible (::/96) forms. The single residual literal gap is deprecated site-local fec0::/10 (is_private and is_reserved both False), which is low-impact on modern stacks. The DNS-name class is the material issue.

The promise that was broken

The block set explicitly contains "169.254.169.254" and "metadata.google.internal" (line 33) — documented intent to stop cloud-metadata theft. A name-based request defeats exactly that intent: register metadata-thief.example with an A record of 169.254.169.254, and the literal block is never consulted because resolution never happens.

Proof of concept

import socket from praisonaiagents.tools.spider_tools import _host_is_blocked, SpiderTools # Literal forms the CVE-2026-47390 fix added — correctly blocked: for h in ["127.0.0.1", "2130706433", "0x7f000001", "169.254.169.254", "::1"]: assert _host_is_blocked(h) is True, h # DNS names that resolve to internal targets — NOT blocked (the class the fix missed): for h in ["attacker-controlled.example", "metadata-thief.com", "rebind.attacker.net"]: assert _host_is_blocked(h) is False, h # A record may be 127.0.0.1 / 169.254.169.254 st = SpiderTools assert st._validate_url("http://127.0.0.1/") is False # literal blocked assert st._validate_url("http://metadata-thief.com/") is True # name passes -> request fires # The guard never even attempts resolution: import praisonaiagents.tools.spider_tools as S S.socket.getaddrinfo = lambda *a, **k: (_ for _ in ()).throw(RuntimeError("RESOLVER CALLED")) assert _host_is_blocked("attacker.example") is False # no RuntimeError -> never resolved print("[+] CONFIRMED: SSRF guard ignores DNS resolution; name->internal bypasses validation")

End-to-end against a deployed agent: point any controlled domain's A record at 169.254.169.254 (or 127.0.0.1, or an RFC1918 service), then drive an agent that has scrape_page/crawl enabled, or include the URL as an @url mention. The fetch reaches the internal/metadata target and its response is returned into model context.

Remediation

Resolve the host and apply the existing _ip_blocked check to every resolved address before fetching — the pattern already implemented in praisonaiagents/tools/file_tools.py (lines 339–344):

resolved = socket.getaddrinfo(parsed.hostname, parsed.port or (443 if parsed.scheme == "https" else 80)) for family, _, _, _, sockaddr in resolved: if _ip_blocked(ipaddress.ip_address(sockaddr[0])): return True # blocked

To also close DNS rebinding (resolve-then-connect TOCTOU), pin the connection to the validated address rather than re-resolving at fetch time. Apply the same fix to both _validate_url and mentions._fetch_url. Additionally add fec0::/10 to the IPv6 rejection set for completeness.

Steps to reproduce

Clone the target: git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI
Run the proof of concept shown above against the cloned source.
Observe the result shown under Verified result below.

Verified result

This PoC was executed against the live upstream code; captured output:

== Literal internal/loopback encodings — correctly BLOCKED == 127.0.0.1 blocked=True 2130706433 blocked=True 0x7f000001 blocked=True 169.254.169.254 blocked=True ::1 blocked=True localhost blocked=True 10.0.0.5 blocked=True == DNS names whose A-record could point internal — NOT blocked (the gap) == attacker-controlled.example blocked=False metadata-thief.com blocked=False rebind.attacker.net blocked=False == Prove resolution is NEVER attempted (monkeypatch getaddrinfo to explode) == _host_is_blocked('metadata-thief.com') = False (no RuntimeError -> DNS never resolved) == _validate_url verdict (replicating the method's host check on the real func) == http://127.0.0.1/ -> validate=False (blocked) http://metadata-thief.com/ -> validate=True (PASSES -> request fires) [+] CONFIRMED: name->internal bypasses the SSRF guard; getaddrinfo/gethostbyname never called.

Credit

Kai Aizen — SnailSploit (@SnailSploit). Adversarial & Offensive Security Research.

Ссылки

https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-vxgj-xg5c-p4h7

Пакеты

Наименование

praisonaiagents

pip

Затронутые версииВерсия исправления

<= 1.6.48

1.6.59

EPSS

Процентиль: 32%

0.00379

Низкий

8.5 High

CVSS3

CVE ID

CVE-2026-57126

Дефекты

CWE-918

Связанные уязвимости

CVE-2026-57126

CVSS3: 8.5

nvd

5 дней назад

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to praisonaiagents 1.6.58, SpiderTools._validate_url calls _host_is_blocked, which checks literal host encodings but does not resolve DNS names before scrape_page, crawl, extract_links, extract_text, or URL-mention fetches connect. An attacker-controlled hostname resolving to a loopback, private, link-local, or cloud-metadata address therefore bypasses the SSRF policy without a rebinding race and can expose internal responses to the agent. This issue is fixed in praisonaiagents 1.6.58.

EPSS

Процентиль: 32%

0.00379

Низкий

8.5 High

CVSS3

CVE ID

CVE-2026-57126

Дефекты

CWE-918