A flaw was found in Linux-Pam in versions prior to 1.5.1 in the way it handle empty passwords for non-existing users. When the user doesn't exist PAM try to authenticate with root and in the case of an empty password it successfully authenticate.

A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The cutmem command does not honor secure boot locking allowing an privileged attacker to remove address ranges from memory creating an opportunity to circumvent SecureBoot protections after proper triage about grub's memory layout. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.

A flaw was found in the way RTAS handled memory accesses in userspace to kernel communication. On a locked down (usually due to Secure Boot) guest system running on top of PowerVM or KVM hypervisors (pseries platform) a root like local user could use this flaw to further increase their privileges to that of a running kernel.

A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. Variable names present are expanded in the supplied command line into their corresponding variable contents using a 1kB stack buffer for temporary storage without sufficient bounds checking. If the function is called with a command line that references a variable with a sufficiently large payload it is possible to overflow the stack buffer corrupt the stack frame and control execution which could also circumvent Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.

A flaw was found in the xdg-email component of xdg-utils-1.1.0-rc1 and newer. When handling mailto: URIs, xdg-email allows attachments to be discreetly added via the URI when being passed to Thunderbird. An attacker could potentially send a victim a URI that automatically attaches a sensitive file to a new email. If a victim user does not notice that an attachment was added and sends the email, this could result in sensitive information disclosure. It has been confirmed that the code behind this issue is in xdg-email and not in Thunderbird.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 5.9.1 as used with Xen through 4.14.x. drivers/xen/events/events_base.c allows event-channel removal during the event-handling loop (a race condition). This can cause a use-after-free or NULL pointer dereference as demonstrated by a dom0 crash via events for an in-reconfiguration paravirtualized device aka CID-073d0552ead5.

A divide-by-zero issue was found in dwc2_handle_packet in hw/usb/hcd-dwc2.c in the hcd-dwc2 USB host controller emulation of QEMU. A malicious guest could use this flaw to crash the QEMU process on the host resulting in a denial of service.

In Python 3 through 3.9.0 the Lib/test/multibytecodec_support.py CJK codec tests call eval() on content retrieved via HTTP.

libdwarf before 20201017 has a one-byte out-of-bounds read because of an invalid pointer dereference via an invalid line table in a crafted object.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.8.15. scalar32_min_max_or in kernel/bpf/verifier.c mishandles bounds tracking during use of 64-bit values aka CID-5b9fbeb75b6a.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.11.8. kernel/bpf/verifier.c has an off-by-one error (with a resultant integer underflow) affecting out-of-bounds speculation on pointer arithmetic leading to side-channel attacks that defeat Spectre mitigations and obtain sensitive information from kernel memory aka CID-10d2bb2e6b1d.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.11.8. kernel/bpf/verifier.c performs undesirable out-of-bounds speculation on pointer arithmetic leading to side-channel attacks that defeat Spectre mitigations and obtain sensitive information from kernel memory aka CID-f232326f6966. This affects pointer types that do not define a ptr_limit.

An issue was discovered in ioapic_lazy_update_eoi in arch/x86/kvm/ioapic.c in the Linux kernel before 5.9.2. It has an infinite loop related to improper interaction between a resampler and edge triggering aka CID-77377064c3a9.

Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability