In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: always flush state and policy upon NETDEV_UNREGISTER event syzbot is reporting that "struct xfrm_state" refcount is leaking. unregister_netdevice: waiting for netdevsim0 to become free. Usage count = 2 ref_tracker: netdev@ffff888052f24618 has 1/1 users at __netdev_tracker_alloc include/linux/netdevice.h:4400 [inline] netdev_tracker_alloc include/linux/netdevice.h:4412 [inline] xfrm_dev_state_add+0x3a5/0x1080 net/xfrm/xfrm_device.c:316 xfrm_state_construct net/xfrm/xfrm_user.c:986 [inline] xfrm_add_sa+0x34ff/0x5fa0 net/xfrm/xfrm_user.c:1022 xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x58e/0xc00 net/xfrm/xfrm_user.c:3507 netlink_rcv_skb+0x158/0x420 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550 xfrm_netlink_rcv+0x71/0x90 net/xfrm/xfrm_user.c:3529 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1318 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x5aa/0x870 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344 netlink_sendmsg+0x8c8/0xdd0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: fix interlaced plain identification for encoded extents Only plain data whose start position and on-disk physical length are both aligned to the block size should be classified as interlaced plain extents. Otherwise, it must be treated as shifted plain extents. This issue was found by syzbot using a crafted compressed image containing plain extents with unaligned physical lengths, which can cause OOB read in z_erofs_transform_plain().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (nct7363) Fix a resource leak in nct7363_present_pwm_fanin When calling of_parse_phandle_with_args(), the caller is responsible to call of_node_put() to release the reference of device node. In nct7363_present_pwm_fanin, it does not release the reference, causing a resource leak.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udplite: Fix null-ptr-deref in __udp_enqueue_schedule_skb(). syzbot reported null-ptr-deref of udp_sk(sk)->udp_prod_queue. [0] Since the cited commit, udp_lib_init_sock() can fail, as can udp_init_sock() and udpv6_init_sock(). Let's handle the error in udplite_sk_init() and udplitev6_sk_init(). [0]: BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:82 [inline] BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in atomic_read include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:32 [inline] BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in __udp_enqueue_schedule_skb+0x151/0x1480 net/ipv4/udp.c:1719 Read of size 4 at addr 0000000000000008 by task syz.2.18/2944 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2944 Comm: syz.2.18 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPTLAZY Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025 Call Trace: <IRQ> dump_stack_lvl+0xe8/0x150 lib/dump_stack.c:120 kasan_report+0xa2/0xe0 mm/kasan/report.c:595 check_reg...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/bitmap: fix GPF in write_page caused by resize race A General Protection Fault occurs in write_page() during array resize: RIP: 0010:write_page+0x22b/0x3c0 [md_mod] This is a use-after-free race between bitmap_daemon_work() and __bitmap_resize(). The daemon iterates over `bitmap->storage.filemap` without locking, while the resize path frees that storage via md_bitmap_file_unmap(). `quiesce()` does not stop the md thread, allowing concurrent access to freed pages. Fix by holding `mddev->bitmap_info.mutex` during the bitmap update.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: tegra-video: Fix memory leak in __tegra_channel_try_format() The state object allocated by __v4l2_subdev_state_alloc() must be freed with __v4l2_subdev_state_free() when it is no longer needed. In __tegra_channel_try_format(), two error paths return directly after v4l2_subdev_call() fails, without freeing the allocated 'sd_state' object. This violates the requirement and causes a memory leak. Fix this by introducing a cleanup label and using goto statements in the error paths to ensure that __v4l2_subdev_state_free() is always called before the function returns.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Skip dev-iotlb flush for inaccessible PCIe device without scalable mode PCIe endpoints with ATS enabled and passed through to userspace (e.g., QEMU, DPDK) can hard-lock the host when their link drops, either by surprise removal or by a link fault. Commit 4fc82cd907ac ("iommu/vt-d: Don't issue ATS Invalidation request when device is disconnected") adds pci_dev_is_disconnected() to devtlb_invalidation_with_pasid() so ATS invalidation is skipped only when the device is being safely removed, but it applies only when Intel IOMMU scalable mode is enabled. With scalable mode disabled or unsupported, a system hard-lock occurs when a PCIe endpoint's link drops because the Intel IOMMU waits indefinitely for an ATS invalidation that cannot complete. Call Trace: qi_submit_sync qi_flush_dev_iotlb __context_flush_dev_iotlb.part.0 domain_context_clear_one_cb pci_for_each_dma_alias device_block_translation blocking_doma...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mfd: macsmc: Initialize mutex Initialize struct apple_smc's mutex in apple_smc_probe(). Using the mutex uninitialized surprisingly resulted only in occasional NULL pointer dereferences in apple_smc_read() calls from the probe() functions of sub devices.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: staging: rtl8723bs: fix null dereference in find_network The variable pwlan has the possibility of being NULL when passed into rtw_free_network_nolock() which would later dereference the variable.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfs: fix freemap adjustments when adding xattrs to leaf blocks xfs/592 and xfs/794 both trip this assertion in the leaf block freemap adjustment code after ~20 minutes of running on my test VMs: ASSERT(ichdr->firstused >= ichdr->count * sizeof(xfs_attr_leaf_entry_t) + xfs_attr3_leaf_hdr_size(leaf)); Upon enabling quite a lot more debugging code, I narrowed this down to fsstress trying to set a local extended attribute with namelen=3 and valuelen=71. This results in an entry size of 80 bytes. At the start of xfs_attr3_leaf_add_work, the freemap looks like this: i 0 base 448 size 0 rhs 448 count 46 i 1 base 388 size 132 rhs 448 count 46 i 2 base 2120 size 4 rhs 448 count 46 firstused = 520 where "rhs" is the first byte past the end of the leaf entry array. This is inconsistent -- the entries array ends at byte 448, but freemap[1] says there's free space starting at byte 388! By the end of the function, the freemap is...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: octeontx2-af: CGX: fix bitmap leaks The RX/TX flow-control bitmaps (rx_fc_pfvf_bmap and tx_fc_pfvf_bmap) are allocated by cgx_lmac_init() but never freed in cgx_lmac_exit(). Unbinding and rebinding the driver therefore triggers kmemleak: unreferenced object (size 16): backtrace: rvu_alloc_bitmap cgx_probe Free both bitmaps during teardown.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: pegasus: enable basic endpoint checking pegasus_probe() fills URBs with hardcoded endpoint pipes without verifying the endpoint descriptors: - usb_rcvbulkpipe(dev, 1) for RX data - usb_sndbulkpipe(dev, 2) for TX data - usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 3) for status interrupts A malformed USB device can present these endpoints with transfer types that differ from what the driver assumes. Add a pegasus_usb_ep enum for endpoint numbers, replacing magic constants throughout. Add usb_check_bulk_endpoints() and usb_check_int_endpoints() calls before any resource allocation to verify endpoint types before use, rejecting devices with mismatched descriptors at probe time, and avoid triggering assertion. Similar fix to - commit 90b7f2961798 ("net: usb: rtl8150: enable basic endpoint checking") - commit 9e7021d2aeae ("net: usb: catc: enable basic endpoint checking")

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mux: mmio: fix regmap leak on probe failure The mmio regmap that may be allocated during probe is never freed. Switch to using the device managed allocator so that the regmap is released on probe failures (e.g. probe deferral) and on driver unbind.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: fix incorrect early exits in volume label handling Crafted EROFS images containing valid volume labels can trigger incorrect early returns, leading to folio reference leaks. However, this does not cause system crashes or other severe issues.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfs: remove xfs_attr_leaf_hasname The calling convention of xfs_attr_leaf_hasname() is problematic, because it returns a NULL buffer when xfs_attr3_leaf_read fails, a valid buffer when xfs_attr3_leaf_lookup_int returns -ENOATTR or -EEXIST, and a non-NULL buffer pointer for an already released buffer when xfs_attr3_leaf_lookup_int fails with other error values. Fix this by simply open coding xfs_attr_leaf_hasname in the callers, so that the buffer release code is done by each caller of xfs_attr3_leaf_read.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: hid-pl: handle probe errors Errors in init must be reported back or we'll follow a NULL pointer the first time FF is used.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "media: iris: Add sanity check for stop streaming" This reverts commit ad699fa78b59241c9d71a8cafb51525f3dab04d4. Revert the check that skipped stop_streaming when the instance was in IRIS_INST_ERROR, as it caused multiple regressions: 1. Buffers were not returned to vb2 when the instance was already in error state, triggering warnings in the vb2 core because buffer completion was skipped. 2. If a session failed early (e.g. unsupported configuration), the instance transitioned to IRIS_INST_ERROR. When userspace attempted to stop streaming for cleanup, stop_streaming was skipped due to the added check, preventing proper teardown and leaving the firmware in an inconsistent state.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf/arm-cmn: Reject unsupported hardware configurations So far we've been fairly lax about accepting both unknown CMN models (at least with a warning), and unknown revisions of those which we do know, as although things do frequently change between releases, typically enough remains the same to be somewhat useful for at least some basic bringup checks. However, we also make assumptions of the maximum supported sizes and numbers of things in various places, and there's no guarantee that something new might not be bigger and lead to nasty array overflows. Make sure we only try to run on things that actually match our assumptions and so will not risk memory corruption. We have at least always failed on completely unknown node types, so update that error message for clarity and consistency too.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: wan/fsl_ucc_hdlc: Fix dma_free_coherent() in uhdlc_memclean() The priv->rx_buffer and priv->tx_buffer are alloc'd together as contiguous buffers in uhdlc_init() but freed as two buffers in uhdlc_memclean(). Change the cleanup to only call dma_free_coherent() once on the whole buffer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/smp: Add check for kcalloc() failure in parse_thread_groups() As kcalloc() may fail, check its return value to avoid a NULL pointer dereference when passing it to of_property_read_u32_array().