Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 0.27.1, the experimental OIDC provider in @backstage/plugin-auth-backend is vulnerable to a redirect URI allowlist bypass. Instances that have enabled experimental Dynamic Client Registration or Client ID Metadata Documents and configured allowedRedirectUriPatterns are affected. A specially crafted redirect URI can pass the allowlist validation while resolving to an attacker-controlled host. If a victim approves the resulting OAuth consent request, their authorization code is sent to the attacker, who can exchange it for a valid access token. This requires victim interaction and that one of the experimental features is explicitly enabled, which is not the default. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.27.1.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in .NET Framework allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Stack-based buffer overflow in .NET and Visual Studio allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

pip handles concatenated tar and ZIP files as ZIP files regardless of filename or whether a file is both a tar and ZIP file. This behavior could result in confusing installation behavior, such as installing "incorrect" files according to the filename of the archive. New behavior only proceeds with installation if the file identifies uniquely as a ZIP or tar archive, not as both.

Improper neutralization of special elements in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

A tampering vulnerability exists when .NET Core improperly handles specially crafted files. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could write arbitrary files and directories to certain locations on a vulnerable system. However, an attacker would have limited control over the destination of the files and directories. To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker must send a specially crafted file to a vulnerable system. The security update fixes the vulnerability by ensuring .NET Core properly handles files.

Improper path validation vulnerability in the Gleam compiler's handling of git dependencies allows arbitrary file system modification during dependency download. Dependency names from gleam.toml and manifest.toml are incorporated into filesystem paths without sufficient validation or confinement to the intended dependency directory, allowing attacker-controlled paths (via relative traversal such as ../ or absolute paths) to target filesystem locations outside that directory. When resolving git dependencies (e.g. via gleam deps download), the computed path is used for filesystem operations including directory deletion and creation. This vulnerability occurs during the dependency resolution and download phase, which is generally expected to be limited to fetching and preparing dependencies within a confined directory. A malicious direct or transitive git dependency can exploit this issue to delete and overwrite arbitrary directories outside the intended dependency directory, including...

Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_ocsp module) allows OCSP designated-responder authorization bypass via missing signature verification. The OCSP response validation in public_key:pkix_ocsp_validate/5 does not verify that a CA-designated responder certificate was cryptographically signed by the issuing CA. Instead, it only checks that the responder certificate's issuer name matches the CA's subject name and that the certificate has the OCSPSigning extended key usage. An attacker who can intercept or control OCSP responses can create a self-signed certificate with a matching issuer name and the OCSPSigning EKU, and use it to forge OCSP responses that mark revoked certificates as valid. This affects SSL/TLS clients using OCSP stapling, which may accept connections to servers with revoked certificates, potentially transmitting sensitive data to compromised servers. Applications using the public_key:pkix_ocsp_validate/5 API directly are also ...

flatted is a circular JSON parser. Prior to 3.4.0, flatted's parse() function uses a recursive revive() phase to resolve circular references in deserialized JSON. When given a crafted payload with deeply nested or self-referential $ indices, the recursion depth is unbounded, causing a stack overflow that crashes the Node.js process. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.4.0.

xrdp is an open source RDP server. In versions through 0.10.5, the session execution component did not properly handle an error during the privilege drop process. This improper privilege management could allow an authenticated local attacker to escalate privileges to root and execute arbitrary code on the system. An additional exploit would be needed to facilitate this. This issue has been fixed in version 0.10.6.

xrdp is an open source RDP server. In versions through 0.10.5, xrdp does not implement verification for the Message Authentication Code (MAC) signature of encrypted RDP packets when using the "Classic RDP Security" layer. While the sender correctly generates signatures, the receiving logic lacks the necessary implementation to validate the 8-byte integrity signature, causing it to be silently ignored. An unauthenticated attacker with man-in-the-middle (MITM) capabilities can exploit this missing check to modify encrypted traffic in transit without detection. It does not affect connections where the TLS security layer is enforced. This issue has been fixed in version 0.10.6. If users are unable to immediately upgrade, they should configure xrdp.ini to enforce TLS security (security_layer=tls) to ensure end-to-end integrity.

RF4CE Profile protocol dissector crash in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.3 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.13 allows denial of service

NTS-KE protocol dissector crash in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.3 allows denial of service

USB HID protocol dissector memory exhaustion in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.3 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.13 allows denial of service

MLflow 3.9.0 with basic-auth (`--app-name basic-auth`) fails to enforce authorization checks for multiple Gateway API 'list' endpoints. Specifically, the `BEFORE_REQUEST_HANDLERS` dictionary in `mlflow/server/auth/__init__.py` does not include entries for `ListGatewaySecretInfos`, `ListGatewayEndpoints`, and `ListGatewayModelDefinitions`. This allows any authenticated user, regardless of their assigned permissions, to enumerate all gateway secrets, endpoints, and model definitions. This vulnerability exposes sensitive information, such as API keys, endpoint configurations, and proprietary model definitions, to unauthorized users.

yauzl (aka Yet Another Unzip Library) version 3.2.0 for Node.js contains an off-by-one error in the NTFS extended timestamp extra field parser within the getLastModDate() function. The while loop condition checks cursor < data.length + 4 instead of cursor + 4 <= data.length, allowing readUInt16LE() to read past the buffer boundary. A remote attacker can cause a denial of service (process crash via ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE exception) by sending a crafted zip file with a malformed NTFS extra field. This affects any Node.js application that processes zip file uploads and calls entry.getLastModDate() on parsed entries. Fixed in version 3.2.1.

An integer overflow vulnerability was found in the virtio-snd device via PCM_INFO requests from the guest. A malicious guest can provide out-of-bounds stream counts, potentially leading to unbounded memory allocation on the host and a denial of service condition.

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. In the `cram_decode_slice()` function called while reading CRAM records, validation of the reference id field occurred too late, allowing two out of bounds reads to occur before the invalid data was detected. The bug does allow two values to be leaked to the caller, however as the function reports an error it may be difficult to exploit them. It is also possible that the program will crash due to trying to access invalid memory. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data using a variety of encodings and compression methods. While most alignment records store DNA sequence and quality values, the format also allows them to omit this data in certain cases to save space. Due to some quirks of the CRAM format, it is necessary to handle these records carefully as they will actually store data that needs to be consumed and then discarded. Unfortunately the `CONST`, `XPACK` and `XRLE` encodings did not properly implement the interface needed to do this. Trying to decode records with omitted sequence or quality data using these encodings would result in an attempt to write to a NULL pointer. Exploiting this bug causes a NULL pointer dereference. Typically this will cause the program to crash. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.