lib/classes/grades_external.php in Moodle 2.7.x before 2.7.3 does not consider the moodle/grade:viewhidden capability before displaying hidden grades, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information by leveraging the student role to access the get_grades web service.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in mod/feedback/mapcourse.php in the Feedback module in Moodle through 2.4.11, 2.5.x before 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.6, and 2.7.x before 2.7.3 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML by leveraging the mod/feedback:mapcourse capability to provide a searchcourse parameter.

Directory traversal vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb in Action Pack in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.21, 4.0.x before 4.0.12, 4.1.x before 4.1.8, and 4.2.x before 4.2.0.beta4, when serve_static_assets is enabled, allows remote attackers to determine the existence of files outside the application root via vectors involving a \ (backslash) character, a similar issue to CVE-2014-7818.

FreeIPA 4.0.x before 4.0.5 and 4.1.x before 4.1.1, when 2FA is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass the password requirement of the two-factor authentication leveraging an enabled OTP token, which triggers an anonymous bind.

kernel/trace/trace_syscalls.c in the Linux kernel through 3.17.2 does not properly handle private syscall numbers during use of the ftrace subsystem, which allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (invalid pointer dereference) via a crafted application.

kernel/trace/trace_syscalls.c in the Linux kernel through 3.17.2 does not properly handle private syscall numbers during use of the perf subsystem, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and OOPS) or bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via a crafted application.

D-Bus 1.3.0 through 1.6.x before 1.6.26, 1.8.x before 1.8.10, and 1.9.x before 1.9.2 allows local users to cause a denial of service (prevention of new connections and connection drop) by queuing the maximum number of file descriptors. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-3636.1.

The virDomainGetXMLDesc API in Libvirt before 1.2.11 allows remote read-only users to obtain the VNC password by using the VIR_DOMAIN_XML_MIGRATABLE flag, which triggers the use of the VIR_DOMAIN_XML_SECURE flag.

The implementation of certain splice_write file operations in the Linux kernel before 3.16 does not enforce a restriction on the maximum size of a single file, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted splice system call, as demonstrated by use of a file descriptor associated with an ext4 filesystem.

OpenStack Neutron before 2014.1.4 and 2014.2.x before 2014.2.1 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted dns_nameservers value in the DNS configuration.

Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in server.rb in Sprockets before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.4, 2.2.x before 2.2.3, 2.3.x before 2.3.3, 2.4.x before 2.4.6, 2.5.x before 2.5.1, 2.6.x and 2.7.x before 2.7.1, 2.8.x before 2.8.3, 2.9.x before 2.9.4, 2.10.x before 2.10.2, 2.11.x before 2.11.3, 2.12.x before 2.12.3, and 3.x before 3.0.0.beta.3, as distributed with Ruby on Rails 3.x and 4.x, allow remote attackers to determine the existence of files outside the application root via a ../ (dot dot slash) sequence with (1) double slashes or (2) URL encoding.

Directory traversal vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb in Action Pack in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.20, 4.0.x before 4.0.11, 4.1.x before 4.1.7, and 4.2.x before 4.2.0.beta3, when serve_static_assets is enabled, allows remote attackers to determine the existence of files outside the application root via a /..%2F sequence.

The wordexp function in GNU C Library (aka glibc) 2.21 does not enforce the WRDE_NOCMD flag, which allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary commands, as demonstrated by input containing "$((`...`))".

The set_pixel_format function in ui/vnc.c in QEMU allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a small bytes_per_pixel value.

The Expression Language (EL) implementation in Apache Tomcat 6.x before 6.0.44, 7.x before 7.0.58, and 8.x before 8.0.16 does not properly consider the possibility of an accessible interface implemented by an inaccessible class, which allows attackers to bypass a SecurityManager protection mechanism via a web application that leverages use of incorrect privileges during EL evaluation.

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.x before 2.3.20 uses predictable <s:token/> values, which allows remote attackers to bypass the CSRF protection mechanism.

GNOME Shell 3.14.x before 3.14.1, when the Screen Lock feature is used, does not limit the aggregate memory consumption of all active PrtSc requests, which allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary commands on an unattended workstation by making many PrtSc requests and leveraging a temporary lock outage, and the resulting temporary shell availability, caused by the Linux kernel OOM killer.

The (1) Special:Preferences and (2) Special:UserLogin pages in MediaWiki before 1.19.20, 1.22.x before 1.22.12 and 1.23.x before 1.23.5 allows remote authenticated users to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks or have unspecified other impact via crafted CSS, as demonstrated by modifying MediaWiki:Common.css.

The net_get_random_once implementation in net/core/utils.c in the Linux kernel 3.13.x and 3.14.x before 3.14.5 on certain Intel processors does not perform the intended slow-path operation to initialize random seeds, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof or disrupt IP communication by leveraging the predictability of TCP sequence numbers, TCP and UDP port numbers, and IP ID values.

The xfs_da3_fixhashpath function in fs/xfs/xfs_da_btree.c in the xfs implementation in the Linux kernel before 3.14.2 does not properly compare btree hash values, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (filesystem corruption, and OOPS or panic) via operations on directories that have hash collisions, as demonstrated by rmdir operations.