In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conntrack_helper: pass helper to expect cleanup nf_conntrack_helper_unregister() calls nf_ct_expect_iterate_destroy() to remove expectations belonging to the helper being unregistered. However, it passes NULL instead of the helper pointer as the data argument, so expect_iter_me() never matches any expectation and all of them survive the cleanup. After unregister returns, nfnl_cthelper_del() frees the helper object immediately. Subsequent expectation dumps or packet-driven init_conntrack() calls then dereference the freed exp->helper, causing a use-after-free. Pass the actual helper pointer so expectations referencing it are properly destroyed before the helper object is freed. BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in string+0x38f/0x430 Read of size 1 at addr ffff888003b14d20 by task poc/103 Call Trace: string+0x38f/0x430 vsnprintf+0x3cc/0x1170 seq_printf+0x17a/0x240 exp_seq_show+0x2e5/0x560 seq_read_iter+0x...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ctnetlink: zero expect NAT fields when CTA_EXPECT_NAT absent ctnetlink_alloc_expect() allocates expectations from a non-zeroing slab cache via nf_ct_expect_alloc(). When CTA_EXPECT_NAT is not present in the netlink message, saved_addr and saved_proto are never initialized. Stale data from a previous slab occupant can then be dumped to userspace by ctnetlink_exp_dump_expect(), which checks these fields to decide whether to emit CTA_EXPECT_NAT. The safe sibling nf_ct_expect_init(), used by the packet path, explicitly zeroes these fields. Zero saved_addr, saved_proto and dir in the else branch, guarded by IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NF_NAT) since these fields only exist when NAT is enabled. Confirmed by priming the expect slab with NAT-bearing expectations, freeing them, creating a new expectation without CTA_EXPECT_NAT, and observing that the ctnetlink dump emits a spurious CTA_EXPECT_NAT containing stale data from...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ctnetlink: ignore explicit helper on new expectations Use the existing master conntrack helper, anything else is not really supported and it just makes validation more complicated, so just ignore what helper userspace suggests for this expectation. This was uncovered when validating CTA_EXPECT_CLASS via different helper provided by userspace than the existing master conntrack helper: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in nf_ct_expect_related_report+0x2479/0x27c0 Read of size 4 at addr ffff8880043fe408 by task poc/102 Call Trace: nf_ct_expect_related_report+0x2479/0x27c0 ctnetlink_create_expect+0x22b/0x3b0 ctnetlink_new_expect+0x4bd/0x5c0 nfnetlink_rcv_msg+0x67a/0x950 netlink_rcv_skb+0x120/0x350 Allowing to read kernel memory bytes off the expectation boundary. CTA_EXPECT_HELP_NAME is still used to offer the helper name to userspace via netlink dump.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: reject immediate NF_QUEUE verdict nft_queue is always used from userspace nftables to deliver the NF_QUEUE verdict. Immediately emitting an NF_QUEUE verdict is never used by the userspace nft tools, so reject immediate NF_QUEUE verdicts. The arp family does not provide queue support, but such an immediate verdict is still reachable. Globally reject NF_QUEUE immediate verdicts to address this issue.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: SCO: fix race conditions in sco_sock_connect() sco_sock_connect() checks sk_state and sk_type without holding the socket lock. Two concurrent connect() syscalls on the same socket can both pass the check and enter sco_connect(), leading to use-after-free. The buggy scenario involves three participants and was confirmed with additional logging instrumentation: Thread A (connect): HCI disconnect: Thread B (connect): sco_sock_connect(sk) sco_sock_connect(sk) sk_state==BT_OPEN sk_state==BT_OPEN (pass, no lock) (pass, no lock) sco_connect(sk): sco_connect(sk): hci_dev_lock hci_dev_lock hci_connect_sco <- blocked -> hcon1 sco_conn_add->conn1 lock_sock(sk) sco_chan_add: conn1->sk = sk sk->conn = conn1 sk_state=BT_CONNECT release_sock hci_dev_...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_sync: hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() return -EEXIST if exists hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() needs to indicate whether a queue item was added, so caller can know if callbacks are called, so it can avoid leaking resources. Change the function to return -EEXIST if queue item already exists. Modify all callsites to handle that.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_sync: fix leaks when hci_cmd_sync_queue_once fails When hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() returns with error, the destroy callback will not be called. Fix leaking references / memory on these failures.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: validate LTK enc_size on load Load Long Term Keys stores the user-provided enc_size and later uses it to size fixed-size stack operations when replying to LE LTK requests. An enc_size larger than the 16-byte key buffer can therefore overflow the reply stack buffer. Reject oversized enc_size values while validating the management LTK record so invalid keys never reach the stored key state.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_conn: fix potential UAF in set_cig_params_sync hci_conn lookup and field access must be covered by hdev lock in set_cig_params_sync, otherwise it's possible it is freed concurrently. Take hdev lock to prevent hci_conn from being deleted or modified concurrently. Just RCU lock is not suitable here, as we also want to avoid "tearing" in the configuration.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_event: fix potential UAF in hci_le_remote_conn_param_req_evt hci_conn lookup and field access must be covered by hdev lock in hci_le_remote_conn_param_req_evt, otherwise it's possible it is freed concurrently. Extend the hci_dev_lock critical section to cover all conn usage.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: validate mesh send advertising payload length mesh_send() currently bounds MGMT_OP_MESH_SEND by total command length, but it never verifies that the bytes supplied for the flexible adv_data[] array actually match the embedded adv_data_len field. MGMT_MESH_SEND_SIZE only covers the fixed header, so a truncated command can still pass the existing 20..50 byte range check and later drive the async mesh send path past the end of the queued command buffer. Keep rejecting zero-length and oversized advertising payloads, but validate adv_data_len explicitly and require the command length to exactly match the flexible array size before queueing the request.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: sockmap: Fix use-after-free of sk->sk_socket in sk_psock_verdict_data_ready(). syzbot reported use-after-free of AF_UNIX socket's sk->sk_socket in sk_psock_verdict_data_ready(). [0] In unix_stream_sendmsg(), the peer socket's ->sk_data_ready() is called after dropping its unix_state_lock(). Although the sender socket holds the peer's refcount, it does not prevent the peer's sock_orphan(), and the peer's sk_socket might be freed after one RCU grace period. Let's fetch the peer's sk->sk_socket and sk->sk_socket->ops under RCU in sk_psock_verdict_data_ready(). [0]: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in sk_psock_verdict_data_ready+0xec/0x590 net/core/skmsg.c:1278 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880594da860 by task syz.4.1842/11013 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 11013 Comm: syz.4.1842 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2026 Call Trace: <TASK> dump...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: macb: fix clk handling on PCI glue driver removal platform_device_unregister() may still want to use the registered clks during runtime resume callback. Note that there is a commit d82d5303c4c5 ("net: macb: fix use after free on rmmod") that addressed the similar problem of clk vs platform device unregistration but just moved the bug to another place. Save the pointers to clks into local variables for reuse after platform device is unregistered. BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in clk_prepare+0x5a/0x60 Read of size 8 at addr ffff888104f85e00 by task modprobe/597 CPU: 2 PID: 597 Comm: modprobe Not tainted 6.1.164+ #114 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.1-0-g3208b098f51a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x8d/0xba print_report+0x17f/0x496 kasan_report+0xd9/0x180 clk_prepare+0x5a/0x60 macb_runtime_resume+0x13d/0x410 [macb] pm_generic_runtime_resume+0x97/0xd0 _...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: macb: properly unregister fixed rate clocks The additional resources allocated with clk_register_fixed_rate() need to be released with clk_unregister_fixed_rate(), otherwise they are lost.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: lag: Check for LAG device before creating debugfs __mlx5_lag_dev_add_mdev() may return 0 (success) even when an error occurs that is handled gracefully. Consequently, the initialization flow proceeds to call mlx5_ldev_add_debugfs() even when there is no valid LAG context. mlx5_ldev_add_debugfs() blindly created the debugfs directory and attributes. This exposed interfaces (like the members file) that rely on a valid ldev pointer, leading to potential NULL pointer dereferences if accessed when ldev is NULL. Add a check to verify that mlx5_lag_dev(dev) returns a valid pointer before attempting to create the debugfs entries.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: Fix switchdev mode rollback in case of failure If for some internal reason switchdev mode fails, we rollback to legacy mode, before this patch, rollback will unregister the uplink netdev and leave it unregistered causing the below kernel bug. To fix this, we need to avoid netdev unregister by setting the proper rollback flag 'MLX5_PRIV_FLAGS_SWITCH_LEGACY' to indicate legacy mode. devlink (431) used greatest stack depth: 11048 bytes left mlx5_core 0000:00:03.0: E-Switch: Disable: mode(LEGACY), nvfs(0), \ necvfs(0), active vports(0) mlx5_core 0000:00:03.0: E-Switch: Supported tc chains and prios offload mlx5_core 0000:00:03.0: Loading uplink representor for vport 65535 mlx5_core 0000:00:03.0: mlx5_cmd_out_err:816:(pid 456): \ QUERY_HCA_CAP(0x100) op_mod(0x0) failed, \ status bad parameter(0x3), syndrome (0x3a3846), err(-22) mlx5_core 0000:00:03.0 enp0s3np0 (unregistered): Unloading uplink \ representor for ...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/x25: Fix potential double free of skb When alloc_skb fails in x25_queue_rx_frame it calls kfree_skb(skb) at line 48 and returns 1 (error). This error propagates back through the call chain: x25_queue_rx_frame returns 1 | v x25_state3_machine receives the return value 1 and takes the else branch at line 278, setting queued=0 and returning 0 | v x25_process_rx_frame returns queued=0 | v x25_backlog_rcv at line 452 sees queued=0 and calls kfree_skb(skb) again This would free the same skb twice. Looking at x25_backlog_rcv: net/x25/x25_in.c:x25_backlog_rcv() { ... queued = x25_process_rx_frame(sk, skb); ... if (!queued) kfree_skb(skb); }

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject sleepable kprobe_multi programs at attach time kprobe.multi programs run in atomic/RCU context and cannot sleep. However, bpf_kprobe_multi_link_attach() did not validate whether the program being attached had the sleepable flag set, allowing sleepable helpers such as bpf_copy_from_user() to be invoked from a non-sleepable context. This causes a "sleeping function called from invalid context" splat: BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at ./include/linux/uaccess.h:169 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 1787, name: sudo preempt_count: 1, expected: 0 RCU nest depth: 2, expected: 0 Fix this by rejecting sleepable programs early in bpf_kprobe_multi_link_attach(), before any further processing.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix incorrect pruning due to atomic fetch precision tracking When backtrack_insn encounters a BPF_STX instruction with BPF_ATOMIC and BPF_FETCH, the src register (or r0 for BPF_CMPXCHG) also acts as a destination, thus receiving the old value from the memory location. The current backtracking logic does not account for this. It treats atomic fetch operations the same as regular stores where the src register is only an input. This leads the backtrack_insn to fail to propagate precision to the stack location, which is then not marked as precise! Later, the verifier's path pruning can incorrectly consider two states equivalent when they differ in terms of stack state. Meaning, two branches can be treated as equivalent and thus get pruned when they should not be seen as such. Fix it as follows: Extend the BPF_LDX handling in backtrack_insn to also cover atomic fetch operations via is_atomic_fetch_insn() helper. Whe...

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: qixis-fpga: Fix error handling for devm_regmap_init_mmio() devm_regmap_init_mmio() returns an ERR_PTR() on failure, not NULL. The original code checked for NULL which would never trigger on error, potentially leading to an invalid pointer dereference. Use IS_ERR() and PTR_ERR() to properly handle the error case.